Floods, fires, hurricanes, tornadoes, blizzards … there isn’t a spot in the country that’s immune from disasters. They can strike at any time, with or without warning, as though to sternly remind us of Mother Nature’s force and unpredictability.

We can’t control where or when disasters will occur, but we can control our preparedness – and in doing so, increase our chances of staying safe. A well-stocked emergency and evacuation kit ensures that you and your family have the essentials during unexpected situations. Here are the key items every household should have in their kit and why they are important.

1. Water and Food

Having an adequate supply of clean water is crucial. Store at least one gallon of water per person per day for at least three days. Non-perishable food, such as canned goods (make sure you have a manual can opener), protein bars, peanut butter, crackers, and dried fruits should also be included to sustain you during emergencies when food sources may be unavailable. If you have pets, make sure you have enough food and water for them, as well.

2. First Aid Kit

A well-equipped first aid kit should include bandages, antiseptic wipes, adhesive tape, tweezers, scissors, sterile gloves, and over-the-counter pain relievers (like acetaminophen or ibuprofen). It should also include items for treating cuts, burns, sprains, and other minor injuries. Eyewash, a digital thermometer, and basic first aid instructions are also helpful. Quick access to first aid supplies can make a critical difference in managing injuries during a disaster.

3. Medications (Prescription and Non-Prescription)

‍Include a minimum 7-day supply—and ideally up to 2 weeks—of all necessary medications for each family member. This includes prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications such as antacids, allergy medicine, and cold or flu remedies, as well as essential items like inhalers, insulin, or EpiPens. Store medications in a waterproof container and check expiration dates regularly. Don’t forget prescription eyeglasses, contact lenses, and cleaning solution if needed.

4. Flashlights, Batteries, Portable Chargers

Power outages are common during any natural disaster or emergency, so flashlights with extra batteries are essential, or hand-crank lanterns. Portable chargers for cell phones can help you stay in touch with family members and receive emergency notifications. And remember – if you see any downed power lines, always assume they are energized and keep your distance from them.

5. Emergency Radio

A battery-powered or hand-crank NOAA weather radio can keep you informed about weather conditions, evacuation routes, and emergency alerts in the event internet and cell service are down. Keep a whistle attached to your radio to help first responders or other search parties find you.

6. Personal Hygiene and Sanitation Items

Pack items such as hand sanitizer, wet wipes, disposable gloves, soap, feminine hygiene products, and trash bags to maintain cleanliness and prevent the spread of germs when access to running water is limited. If you have infants or toddlers be sure to include diaper-changing supplies.

7. Multi-Tool, Duct Tape, Plastic Sheeting

A multi-tool with a knife, pliers, and screwdriver can assist with various tasks, and duct tape is invaluable for quick repairs or sealing windows and doors.

8. Clothing and Blankets

Include sturdy shoes, weather-appropriate clothing, extra socks, gloves, and blankets or sleeping bags to keep warm and protected in case of evacuation or exposure to the elements.

9. Important Documents and Contacts

Keep copies of identification, insurance policies, medical records, and emergency contacts in a waterproof and fireproof container. These documents are crucial for recovery efforts after a disaster. Include physical maps in case cell phone networks go down to help you navigate if needed.

10. Cash and Coins

ATMs and credit card machines may be down during an emergency. Small denominations of cash ensures you can purchase any necessary supplies.

11. Other Household Items

Matches in a waterproof container may come in handy. If room allows, pack disposable plates, cups, and eating utensils. Packing puzzles, books, and games for children can help keep them calm as you are waiting. You should also keep a fire extinguisher handy in both your home and your vehicles.

Emergency and evacuation kits are critical to any emergency plan, and can increase your ability to handle disasters efficiently and safely. Regularly check expiration dates on kit items and replace or update as necessary, and ensure everyone in your household knows where the kits are located. Being prepared today can make a life-saving difference tomorrow.